Tuesday, June 17, 2025
HomeHealthHigh-risk spatiotemporal patterns of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a nationwide examine in Iran from...

High-risk spatiotemporal patterns of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a nationwide examine in Iran from 2011 to 2020 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty


Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Resources for well being professionals. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/leishmaniasis/health_professionals/index.html. Accessed 11 May 2023.

Mohammadbeigi A, Tabatabaee SR, Hatam G, Ali-Akbarpour M. Spatial evaluation of eco-environmental threat components of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Southern Iran. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2012;5:30.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

World Health Organization. Leishmaniasis. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leishmaniasis. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Desjeux P. The enhance in threat components for leishmaniasis worldwide. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001;95:239–43.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Ferro C, López M, Fuya P, Lugo L, Cordovez JM, González C. Spatial distribution of sand fly vectors and eco-epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in Colombia. PLoS ONE. 2015;10: e0139391.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Steverding D. The historical past of leishmaniasis. Parasit Vectors. 2017;10:82.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Torres-Guerrero E, Quintanilla-Cedillo MR, Ruiz-Esmenjaud J, Arenas R. Leishmaniasis: a evaluation. F1000Resarch. 2017;6:750.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Patterson JW. Weedon’s pores and skin pathology e-book. 2019. https://books.google.com.ec/books?id=3_m-DwAAQBAJ. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Wilson ME. Geography of infectious illnesses. In: Cohen J, Opal S, Powderly W, editors. Infectious Diseases. third ed. Elsevier; 2010. pp. 1055–64.

Chapter 

Google Scholar 

Firouraghi N, Mohammadi A, Hamer DH, Bergquist R, Mostafavi SM, Shamsoddini A, et al. Spatio-temporal visualisation of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic, city space in Iran. Acta Trop. 2022;225: 106181.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Salimi M, Jesri N, Javanbakht M, Farahani LZ, Shirzadi MR, Saghafipour A. Spatio-temporal distribution evaluation of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Qom Province. Iran J Parasit Dis. 2018;42:570–6.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Salah AB, Kamarianakis Y, Chlif S, Alaya NB, Prastacos P. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Tunisia: spatio-temporal dynamics. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:991–1000.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Kiani B, Raouf Rahmati A, Bergquist R, Hashtarkhani S, Firouraghi N, Bagheri N, et al. Spatio-temporal epidemiology of the tuberculosis incidence price in Iran 2008 to 2018. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:1093.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Ghatee MA, Taylor WR, Karamian M. The geographical distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis causative brokers in Iran and its neighboring international locations, a evaluation. Front Public Health. 2020;8:11.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Ready PD. Leishmaniasis emergence and local weather change. OIE Rev Sci Tech. 2008;27:399–412.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 

Alvar J, Yactayo S, Bern C. Leishmaniasis and poverty. Trends Parasitol. 2006;22:552–7.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Shekhar S, Jiang Z, Ali RY, Eftelioglu E, Tang X, Gunturi VMV, et al. Spatiotemporal information mining: a computational perspective. ISPRS Int J Geo-Inf. 2015;4:2306–38.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Hernández AM, Gutierrez JD, Xiao Y, Branscum AJ, Cuadros DF. Spatial epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: socioeconomic and demographic components related to a rising epidemic. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2019;113:560–8.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Jaber SM, Ibbini JH, Hijjawi NS, Amdar NM. An exploratory comparative examine of current spatial and temporal traits of cutaneous leishmaniasis within the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and Syrian Arab Republic pre-Arab Spring and their well being coverage implications. Appl Spat Anal Policy. 2014;7:337–60.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Maia-Elkhoury AN, Yadón ZE, Idali Saboyá Díaz M, de Fátima de Araújo Lucena F, Gerardo Castellanos L, et al. Exploring spatial and temporal distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis within the Americas, 2001–2011. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10:e0005086.

Piroozi B, Moradi G, Alinia C, Mohamadi P, Gouya MM, Nabavi M, et al. Incidence, burden, and pattern of cutaneous leishmaniasis over 4 many years in Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2019;48:28–35.

Google Scholar 

Ahmadi NA, Modiri M, Mamdohi S. First survey of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Borujerd county, western Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2013;19:847–53.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Khazaei S, Hafshejani AM, Saatchi M, Salehiniya H, Nematollahi S. Epidemiological facets of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2015;10: e28511.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Norouzinezhad F, Ghaffari F, Norouzinejad A, Kaveh F, Gouya MM. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: outcomes from an epidemiological examine in city and rural provinces. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2016;6:614–9.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Sabzevari S, Teshnizi SH, Shokri A, Bahrami F, Kouhestani F. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: a scientific evaluation and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog. 2021;152: 104721.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Mollalo A, Alimohammadi A, Shirzadi MR, Malek MR. Geographic info system-based evaluation of the spatial and spatio-temporal distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Golestan province, North-East of Iran. Zoonoses Public Health. 2015;62:18–28.

CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Maracy MR, Jaffary F, Ebrahimi A, Sokhanvari F, Heidari A, Sharifian-Koupaiee H, et al. GIS-based threat mapping of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a survey in an endemic space of Central Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2021;28:57470–85.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Ramezankhani R, Hosseini A, Sajjadi N, Khoshabi M, Ramezankhani A. Environmental threat components for the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic space of Iran: a GIS-based method. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2017;21:57–66.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Thomas A, Aryal J. Spatial evaluation strategies and follow: describe–discover–clarify by GIS. J Spat Sci. 2021;66:533–4.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Arsenault J, Michel P, Berke O, Ravel A, Gosselin P. How to decide on geographical models in ecological research: proposal and software to campylobacteriosis. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2013;7:11–24.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Swift A, Liu L, Uber J. MAUP sensitivity evaluation of ecological bias in well being research. GeoJournal. 2014;79:137–53.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Wettstein M, Wahl HW, Shoval N, Oswald F, Voss E, Seidl U, et al. Out-of-home habits and cognitive impairment in older adults: findings of the Sentra undertaking. J Appl Gerontol. 2015;34:3–25.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Guzmán P, Tarín-Carrasco P, Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Jiménez-Guerrero P. Effects of air air pollution on dementia over Europe for current and future local weather change eventualities. Environ Res. 2022;204(Pt A): 112012.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Kulldorff M, Feuer EJ, Miller BA, Freedman LS. Breast most cancers clusters within the northeast United States: a geographic evaluation. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;146:161–70.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Zhang Z, Assunção R, Kulldorff M. Spatial scan statistics adjusted for a number of clusters. J Probab Stat. 2010;2010:150–61.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Kulldorff M. SaTScan—person information for model 9.3. Boston: SaTScan; 2014. p. 106. http://www.satscan.org/cgi-bin/satscan/register.pl/SaTScan_Users_Guide.pdf?todo=process_userguide_download. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Tango T, Takahashi Ok. A flexibly formed spatial scan statistic for detecting clusters. Int J Health Geogr. 2005;4:11.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Koehrsen W. The Poisson distribution and Poisson course of defined. Towar Data Sci. 2019;13:1–13.

Google Scholar 

Ayubi E, Barati M, Dabbagh Moghaddam A, Reza KA. Spatial modeling of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iranian military models throughout 2014–2017 utilizing a hierarchical Bayesian methodology and the spatial scan statistic. Epidemiol Health. 2018;40: e2018032.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Portella TP, Kraenkel RA. Spatial-temporal sample of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil. Infect Dis Poverty. 2021;10:86.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

World Health Organization. Neglected tropical illnesses, cutaneous leishmaniasis factsheet. 2023. https://www.emro.who.int/neglected-tropical-diseases/information-resources-leishmaniasis/cl-factsheet.html. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, Louzir H, Pirmez C, Alexander B, Brooker S. Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7:581–96.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Rosychuk RJ, Chang HM. A spatial scan statistic for compound Poisson information. Stat Med. 2013;32:5106–18.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

ESRI. https://www.esri.com/. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

SaTScan. SaTScan—software program for the spatial, temporal, and space-time scan statistics. 2005. p.1. https://www.satscan.org/. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

QGIS. QGIS: a free and open supply Geographic Information System. 2014. https://qgis.org/en/site/. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Glymour MM, Kosheleva A, Wadley VG, Weiss C, Manly JJ. Geographic distribution of dementia mortality: elevated mortality charges for black and white Americans by hometown. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2011;25:196–202.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Rosychuk RJ. Identifying geographic areas with excessive illness charges: when do confidence intervals for charges and a illness cluster detection methodology agree? Int J Health Geogr. 2006;5:1–11.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Chen J. Spatial cluster evaluation. Geographic well being information: basic strategies for evaluation. 2013. pp. 105–24. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780640891.0105.

Ghatee MA, Haghdoost AA, Kooreshnia F, Kanannejad Z, Parisaie Z, Karamian M, et al. Role of environmental, climatic threat components and livestock animals on the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in newly rising focus in Iran. J Infect Public Health. 2018;11:425–33.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Barati H, Hassan Lotfi M, Ali Mozaffari G, Barati M, Reza Dehghan H, Taj FA. Epidemiological facets of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yazd Province inside 2004–2013. J Community Health Res. 2016;5:131–9.

Google Scholar 

Azni SM, Rassi Y, Oshaghi MA, Ershdi MRY, Mohebali M, Abai MR. Fauna and month-to-month exercise of sand flies at zoonotic cutaneous leishmanianisis focus in Damghan district, Semnan province (2008). Koomesh. 2010;11:107–13.

Google Scholar 

Akbari E, Mayvaneh F, Entezari AR, Nazari M. Survey of the position of bioclimatic components within the outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Iran J Epidemiol. 2014;10:65–74.

Google Scholar 

Moosazadeh M, Afshari M, Parsaee M, Charkameh A, Nezammahalleh A, Abedi G, et al. Clinico-epidemiological options of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2019;7:378–81.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Mohammadi Azni S, Nokandeh Z, Khorsandi AA, Sanei Dehkordi AR. Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Damghan district. J Mil Med. 2010;12:131–5.

Google Scholar 

Piscopo TV, Azzopardi CM. Leishmaniasis. Postgrad Med J. 2007;83:649–57.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

World Health Organization. Neglected tropical illnesses. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sudan. http://www.emro.who.int/neglected-tropical-diseases/information-resources-leishmaniasis/cl-factsheet.html. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Khademvatan S, Salmanzadeh S, Foroutan-Rad M, Bigdeli S, Hedayati-Rad F, Saki J, et al. Spatial distribution and epidemiological options of cutaneous leishmaniasis in southwest of Iran. Alex J Med. 2017;53:93–8.

Google Scholar 

Fakoorziba MR, Eghbal F, Eghbal H. Surrey on some epidemiological components of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Fars Province of Iran. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16:e158–9.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Ghavibazou L, Hosseini-Vasoukolaei N, Akhavan AA, Jahanifard E, Yazdani-Charati J, Fazeli-Dinan M. Dispersal standing of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mazandaran province, 2009–2017. J Maz Univ Med Sci. 2018;28:58–70.

Google Scholar 

Saraei M, Farash BRH, Hajialilo E. Cutaneous leishmaniasis as an rising menace for Iranian travellers attending non secular ceremonies. East Mediterr Health J. 2021;27:90–5.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Akhlagh A, Salehzadeh A, Zahirnia AH, Davari B. 10-year traits in epidemiology, analysis, and therapy of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Hamadan Province, west of Iran (2007–2016). Front Public Health. 2019;7:27.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Rezaee N, Shamsi M, Damani E, Sekandarpour S, Ranjbar N, Mohamdi A, et al. Prevalence and epidemiologic profile of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic focus in Southeast Iran. Hormozgan Med J. 2018;22: e89444.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Madanipour A. City profile: Tehran. Cities. 1999;16:57–65.

Article 

Google Scholar 

ACAPS. Iran Afghan refugees. https://www.acaps.org/country/iran/crisis/afghan-refugees. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.

Holakouie-Naieni Ok, Mostafavi E, Boloorani AD, Mohebali M, Pakzad R. Spatial modeling of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran from 1983 to 2013. Acta Trop. 2017;166:67–73.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Selmane S. Dynamic relationship between local weather components and the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Biskra Province in Algeria. Ann Saudi Med. 2015;35:445–9.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Rajabzadeh R, Arzamani Ok, Hr S, Riyhani H, Hosseini SH. Epidemiological survey and geographical distribution of cutaneous epidemiological survey and geographical distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in North Khorasan province, 2006–2013. Int J Epidemiol Res. 2015;2:197–203.

Google Scholar 

Shirzadi MR, Javanbakht M, Vatandoost H, Jesri N, Saghafipour A, Fouladi-Fard R, et al. Impact of environmental and local weather components on spatial distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeastern Iran: using distant sensing. J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2020;14:56–67.

PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Karami M, Doudi M, Setorki M. Assessing epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Isfahan, Iran. J Vector Borne Dis. 2013;50:30–7.

PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Hamzavi Y, Khademi N. Trend of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kermanshah province, West of Iran from 1990 to 2012. Iran J Parasitol. 2015;10:78–86.

PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Shahidi-Hakak F, Aivazi AA, Mokhtari F, Jalilian A, Khosravani M, Rafatpanah A. Typical options of cutaneous leishmaniasis within the Ilam province, Iran. J Parasit Dis. 2020;44:748–53.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Sharifi I, Aflatoonian MR, Fekri AR, Hakimi Parizi M, Aghaei Afshar A, Khosravi A, et al. A complete evaluation of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kerman province, southeastern Iran—narrative evaluation article. Iran J Public Health. 2015;44:299–307.

PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 

Rowland M, Munir A, Durrani N, Noyes H, Reyburn H. An outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an Afghan refugee settlement in north-west Pakistan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999;93:133–6.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 

Yazdanpanah HA, Rostamianpur M. Analysis of spatial distribution of leishmaniasis and its relationship with climatic parameters (case examine: Ilam Province). Bull Env Pharmacol Life Sci. 2013;212:80–6.

Google Scholar 

Asgari HR, SolaimaniSardo M, Kiani F, Heshmati GA. Effects of planting haloxylon and atriplex on soil carbon sequestration in desertified land reclamation (Case examine: Kerman Province). Int J Environ Res. 2013;1:131–40.

Google Scholar 

Shiravand B, Dehghani Tafti AA, Mousavi SH, Taj Firouzeh AA, Hosseini SA. The impact of climatic change on the present and future area of interest of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis vector and reservoir species in Yazd Province. J Disaster Emerg Res. 2019;2:74–83.

Google Scholar 

Zare M, Rezaianzadeh A, Tabatabaee H, Aliakbarpoor M, Faramarzi H, Ebrahimi M. Spatiotemporal clustering of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Fars province, Iran. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2017;7:862–9.

Article 

Google Scholar 

Amraee Ok, Rastegar H, Beiranvand E. An epidemiological examine of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Poledokhtar District, Lorestan Province, Southwestern of Iran, 2001–2011. Jundishapur J Health Sci. 2013;51:75–84.

Google Scholar 

(UNHCR) the UNHC for R. Refugees in Iran. https://www.unhcr.org/ir/refugees-in-iran/. Accessed 25 Apr 2023.



Source hyperlink

RELATED ARTICLES

LEAVE A REPLY

Please enter your comment!
Please enter your name here

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Most Popular